Abstract: As the core equipment of cold chain logistics, the technological innovation of refrigeration system for refrigerated vehicles is of great significance for ensuring the quality of cargo transportation, reducing operating costs, and meeting environmental protection requirements. This article focuses on the development and evolution of patented technology for truck refrigeration systems, and provides a detailed analysis of the transition from the embryonic stage dominated by mechanical refrigeration, to the growth stage of breakthroughs in electronics and integration, and finally to the technological explosion stage of the integration of new energy and intelligence. Through innovative analysis of core patented technologies, including iterative innovation of compression refrigeration technology and breakthroughs in adsorption refrigeration technology, Further exploration was conducted on the application and contribution of patented technology for refrigeration system for refrigerated vehicles in improving transportation quality, reducing operating costs, enhancing reliability, and meeting regulatory and environmental requirements, demonstrating the important role of technological innovation in promoting the sustainable development of the cold chain logistics industry.