Abstract: The cab is the core place for drivers’ daily work and rest, and its design needs to balance functionality and operational convenience. The article focuses on the application of ergonomics in the design of heavy-duty truck cabins. From three aspects: control interface, visual interface, and spatial design, it explores how to optimize the parameters and layout of each part to improve driver comfort, safety, and driving efficiency. Combined with spatial optimization theory, a reasonable layout of the driving area is carried out to enhance operational safety and provide a scientific and reasonable human-machine adaptation solution for the design of heavy-duty truck cabins.